Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antifungal activities. Proximate and phytochemical screening of the fruit and leaves. The dichloromethane dcm, ethyl acetate et0ac and nbutanol extracts of. Health, general biological sciences science and technology, general cholesterol analysis glycerin glycerol leaves health aspects medicinal plants obesity phytochemistry research plant biochemistry. Laphookhieo s, phungpanya c, tantapakul c, techa s, thain s, narmdorkmai w 2011 chemical constituents from aegle marmelos. It grows well in the dry forests of hilly and plain areas. Table 2 chemical constituents of bael fruit parameter pulp seed pericarp moisture % 61. The present study planned to explore the chemotypic and seasonal variability of. Phytochemical analysis on leaf extract of aegle marmelos correa sonu singh, neeta singh abstract aegle marmelos is a subtropical plant which can grow up to an altitude of 1200 m from the sea level.
The crude ethanolic extract was tested for antimicrobial activity against gram positive organisms of. Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical constituents of an ethanolic extract of aegle marmelos were investigated. The tree can thrive under adverse agroclimatic conditions but its commercial cultivation is very limited. Aegle marmelos international research journal of pharmacy. Dgalactopyranoside isolated first time in this plant. Phytochemical analysis on leaf extract of aegle marmelos. Correa is a sacred medicinal and nutraceutical tree of india. In colloquial terms they are known as bengal quince, indian quince, holy fruit, golden apple in english, and bael or bilva in hindi chemexcil, 1992, sharma et al. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antifungal.
A number of chemical constituents and various therapeutic effects of leaves of aegle marmelos have been reported by different workers. Rutaceae is reported to be important plant in several ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal studies for its antidiabetic, antiulcer, antiinflammatory, antipyretic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity 44. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Biological activities and volatile constituents of aegle marmelos l. And its polyherbal marketed formulations nitu singh and shiva kumar department of pharmacognosy, nims institute of pharmacy, nims university, jaipur, rajasthan, india. Chemical constituents almost all parts of the bael plant consist of active phytoconstituents. The different phyto compounds responsible for bioactivity have been identified and characterized in different medicinal plants. Various phytoconstituents have been isolated from the various parts of aegle marmelos, which may be categorized as. Bael aegle marmelos linn, family rutacae, is also known as bale fruit tree, is a moderate sized, slender, aromatic tree, 6. Medicinal properties of aegle marmelos were well explained in ayurveda, indian traditional medicine. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant property of aegle. Apart from these chemical constituents more than 100 compounds have been isolated these are skimminine.
Since ancient times, plants are used as source of medicine. Plant part chemical constituents 1 leaf skimmianine, aeglin, rutin. The fruit is eaten by humans when ripe, used as feed to animals and for ethnomedical treatment of diseases 9. Aegle marmelos fruit definition the article consists of the dried ripe or unripe fruit of aegle marmelos l. The other vernacular names are enlisted in table 1. The fruits are harvested and processed during summer. Bael leaves contained aegeline, lupeol, rutin, marmesinine. Learn more about bael uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain bael. Biological activities and volatile constituents of aegle marmelos. Bioactive compounds and volatile compounds of thai bael. Phytochemical evaluation, antimicrobial activity, and. Chemical tests were performed for phytochemical screening and dpph is used for antioxidant assay.
Till date no study has been reported on the antioxidant activity of umbelliferone. Extensive experimental and clinical studies prove that aegle marmelos. The leaves, bark, roots, fruits and seeds are used extensively in the indian traditional system of medicine the ayurveda and in various folk medicine to treat myriad ailments. The fresh, unriped seeds of aegle marmelos were collected from healthy well growing tree of very hygiene and polluted free area in the month of may june, from various regions of the jaipur, rajasthan. Proximate and phytochemical screening of the fruit and. Aegle marmelos fruit pulp reported for the availability of steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic. Aegle marmelos, a plant indigenous to india has been used by the inhabitants of the indian subcontinent for over 5000 years. Aegle marmelos, rutaceae, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activity. A number of chemical constituents and various therapeutic effects of leaves of a. All parts of aegle marmelos are medicinally useful. Bael is a slow growing, tough subtropical tree and is the only plant. Phytochemical analysis on leaf extract of aegle marmelos correa.
Biological activities and volatile constituents of aegle. Aegle marmelos, alloxan, antidiabetic, hyperglycemia. Correa is an attractive and characteristically sweet aroma fruit, native. Aegle marmelos plant the deciduous leaves originates singly orin 2s 3s are of 3 5 oval leaflets, 4 10 cm. Compounds 16 were isolated from the roots whereas compounds 79 were obtained from twigs. Aegle marmelos, oxazoline, coumarins, alkaloids and. Pdf a new natural product oxazoline derivative named. Recently, this plant has also received attention as an anticancer agent for the. Phytochemical profile and pharmacological activity of. Correa as a valuable source for functional food ingredients charoensiddhi, s. Flavnoids, alkaloids and terpenoids phytochemicals were found in aegle marmelos extract.
Gas ion chromatogram of the essential oil of aegle marmelos l. Phytochemistry, pharmacological and traditional uses of. The leaves of the plant have been reported to contain aegeline 1 and few alkaloids 24 of aegeline type manandhar et al. Aegle marmelos commonly known as bael is a plant indigenous to india. The total phenol contents in aqueous, acetone and methanol extract of aegle marmelos fruit have been estimated. Different part of the plant aegle marmelos having the very long history to cure the diabetes but the lack of single bioactive compound was still unknown. Rutaceae, commonly known as bael, bengal quince is a tree of indian origin, well known from pre historic time. Correa, rutaceae, by capillary gc and gcms resulted in the identification of 35 components comprising 99. Serr responsible for antimicrobial activity against selected vegetable and clinical pathogen naresh chavda adarsh mujapara s.
Nadhiya and vadivazhagi antioxidant and phytochemical properties of combination international research journal of pharmaceutical and biosciences irjpbs 2015. Aegle marmelos is a pharmacologically varied medicinal plant. It is present in sri lanka, tamilnadu, thailand, and malesia as a naturalized species. Pdf chemical constituents from aegle marmelos researchgate. A high performance liquid chromatographic hplc method using diode array detector was standardized to estimate marmelosin and psoralen in bael pulp. A new natural product oxazoline derivative named aeglemarmelosine 1 along with eight known compounds 29 were isolated from roots and twigs of aegle marmelos. The biological activities of the phenolic compounds present in a. The present study is based on the pharmacological activity of aegle marmelos, commonly known as a bael in india. The phytochemical screening of the crude extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, saponins, tannis, flavonoids, and steroids. Introduction diabetes mellitus is the one of the challenging health problem in twentyfirst century that is occurring throughout the world today.
Identification of phytochemical constituents of aegle. Antidiabetic activity medicinal plant aegle marmelos. Since in the previous research 11 it was established that umbelliferone is a potent free radical scavenger and works as antioxidant. Broadly, aegle marmelos leaves contain alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids and. The major constituents of the root bark of the plant. Ethnological and ethnomedicinal importance of aegle. It has been accepted for inclusion in journal of medicinally. Phytochemical composition of aegle marmelos different organic extracts of the leaves of a. Scientific studies have validated many of the ethnomedicinal uses of a. Ethnological and ethnomedicinal importance of aegle marmelos. Various chemical constituents like alkaloids, coumarins and steroids have. Oct 20, 20 more than 100 compounds already isolated from the aegle marmelos correa but umbelliferone. Correa family rutaceae were analyzed by using analytical method based on liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry lcmsms.
Phytochemistry and medicinal uses of the bael fruit aegle. Phytochemical screening and estimation of total phenolic. Pdf biological activities of crude extracts and chemical. Isolation of carbazole alkaloids and coumarins from aegle. Ethnological and ethnomedicinal importance of aegle marmelos l. Phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of aegle marmelos. In this study, leaves were collected to obtain, analyze, and examine the bioactivity of the essential oil of a.
Chemical constituents present in differ ent parts of aegle marmelos sr. Leaves of aegle marmelos flowers are greenish white in color and have bisexual, actinomorphic, hypogynous. Biological activities of crude extracts and chemical constituents of bael. Table 1 ph ysical parameters of bael fruit parameter value. No specific scientific evaluation of antioxidant activity of aegle marmelos fruit pulp has been reported so far. Biological activities of crude extracts and chemical. Compounds 5 and 6 were also detected from the twigs. Aegle marmelos has been known to be one ofthe most important medicinal plants of india since ch arak 1500 b. The aegle marmelos tree grows in tropical to subtropical climates.
The study was carried out to investigate the antiobesity effects of aegle marmelos leaves extracts and its phytochemical constituents in vitro and in vivo. The role of antioxidants is preventing free radicals from cells by scavenging. Most of these compoundshave been reported to possess antioxidation and free radical scavenging activities 11, 14, 22, 25, 42, 57. Plants and their phytochemicals, especially with free radical scavenging, antioxidant properties, and. Evaluation of antiobesity effect of aegle marmelos leaves. Tremendous pharmacological values of aegle marmelos. International research journal of pharmaceutical and applied. Preclinical studies indicate the therapeutic potential of crude extracts of a. Department of food technology, faculty of science, chulalongkorn university, bangkok 10330, thailand abstract. Correa from nepal prabodh satyal university of alabama. The leaves of bael aegle marmelos are used extensively in the feeding of ruminants as well as for treating different ailments in herbal medicine. Bael is a slow growing, tough subtropical tree and is the only plant belonging to the.
All the parts of this tree including stem, bark, root, leaves, fruit and seeds at all stages of maturity has medicinal virtues. High performance liquid chromatographic determination of. Serr, family rutaceae is an important medicinal plant and immensely used in the indian system of medicine to cure human diseases. Evaluation of antioxidant potential and phytochemical. Aegle marmelos extract significantly reduces the deleterious effect of radiation in intestine and bone marrow of mouse. The oil was constituted mainly of monoterpene compounds 93. Aegle marmelos seeds, total phenolic contents, folinciocaiteau reagent. Aegle marmelos, oxazoline, coumarins, alkaloids and rutaceae. Utilization of bael fruit in daytoday life has a great nutritional, environmental as well as commercial importance.
Biological activities of crude extracts and chemical constituents of bael, aegle marmelos l. Bhaskara rao molecular and microbiology research laboratory, environmental biotechnology division, school of bio science and technology, vit university, vellore, tamil nadu, india. Prakash d, upadhyay g, pushpangadan p, gupta c 2011 antioxidant and free radical. Efficiency of the leaves and fruits of aegle marmelos. The chemical investigation of the leaves of this plant has revealed the presence of a number of alkaloids 27 and coumarins. Chemical composition of the leaf oil of aegle marmelos l. Tlc and hplc fingerprint development of aegle marmelos corr. Plant parts like root, stem bark and fruit have been reported for various medicinal properties such as antidiabetic, anticancer, anti bacterial, anti fungal, anti pyretic, analgesic, antioxidant, cardio protective, radio. However, a study on the indonesian aegle marmelos species is rarely reported especially the hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts from this species have not been reported as most of the researches were focused on the alcoholic and aqueous extracts.
The chemicals and reagents used for the purpose of preliminary phytochemical test were freshly prepared. Aegle marmelos, a deciduous fruit tree that grows in nepal, has numerous uses in traditional medicine, being used as an antiinflammatory, antidiarrheal, heart disease treatment, and in birth control. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antifungal activities of essential oils of the leaves of aegle marmelos l. Physico chemical analysis of bael aegle marmelos fruit. Introduction herbalism is a traditional medicinal or folk medicine. Freshly prepared aegle marmelos fruit pulp extracts were tested for the presence of phytochemical constituents using standard methods 12. Exposure to pyrrolizidine alkaloids discussed in chapter 21 through the use of herbal remedies also may be a contributing factor. The percentage of free radical inhibition was also high in unripe fruit than that of.
Preliminary phytochemical studies of these extracts are also undertaken to find out bioactive compounds having. Effects of aqueous extract of aegle marmelos root on. Various chemical constituents like alkaloids, coumarins and steroids have been isolated and identified from different parts of tree such as leaves, fruits, wood, root and bark. Aegle marmelos, biological activity, chemical constituents. The various parts of aegle marmelos, precisely fruit, have an immense range of medicinal uses in folk medicine and used for the healing of different disease. Aegle marmelos linn correa, commonly known as bael or bel, belonging to the family rutaceae, is a moderatesized, slender and aromatic tree. Chemical composition aegle marmelos having variety of classes of. Corr bael among indigenous people of india, abhijit dutta, neeta lal, musarrat naaz. Chemical composition aegle marmelos having variety of classes of compound like alkaloids, cardiac glycoside, saponin, steroids, coumarines marmelosin. Marmelosin and psoralen, two bioactive coumarins present in bael fruit, are reported to have antihelminthic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, artemicide and cytotoxic activities. They form the easily available source for healthcare purposes in rural and tribal areas. The numerous phytochemical constituents of this plant have been exposed namely. Physico chemical analysis of bael aegle marmelos fruit pulp. Physico chemical analysis of bael aegle marmelos fruit pulp, seed and pericarp.
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